Ammonite assemblages from basal layers of the Ryazanian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of Central Russia     

V. V. Mitta 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2007,15(2):193-205

Five successive ammonite assemblages are distinguished in the basal part (Riasanites rjasanensis Zone s. l.) of the Ryazanian Stage of the East European platform. These are (from the base upward) (1) Hectoroceras tolijense; (2) Hectoroceras kochi; (3) Riasanites swistowianus; (4) Riasanites rjasanensis; and (5) Transcaspiites transfigurabilis assemblages. Two lower assemblages consist entirely of boreal taxa, which occur in association with diverse ammonites of the Tethyan origin higher in the section. The data obtained show that three upper assemblages are correlative with the Berriasian Dalmasiceras tauricum, Riasanites rjasanensis-Spiticeras cautleyi, and Euthymiceras euthymi subzones of the northern Caucasus. The succession of five–six ammonite assemblages established in the East European platform above the top of the Craspedites nodiger Zone may correspond to the same number of ammonite assemblages characterizing lower subzones of the standard Berriasian. Berriasella rulevae Mitta, sp. nov. from the upper part of the Riasanites rjasanensis Zone (transfigurabilis biohorizon) is described.  相似文献   

中国晚泥盆世晚期“阶”和“亚阶”的划分与对比     

季强  王旭日 《江苏地质》2015,39(2):171-180

简要回顾了中国晚泥盆世晚期地层“阶”和“亚阶”划分的历史沿革,阐述了划分的基本原则,即在全球性或大区域性关键地质事件和生物进化事件研究的基础上,“阶”和“亚阶”的底界应置于地质事件之后某一或某些主导生物门类谱系演化的分支点上,且以主导生物门类的某一新分子在谱系中首次出现来定义.根据地层的分布和发育特征,拟将中国晚泥盆世晚期地层分为2阶:锡矿山阶和邵东阶.锡矿山阶可分为冷水江亚阶(亚阶Ⅰ)和新化亚阶(亚阶Ⅱ),邵东阶又可分为邵阳亚阶(亚阶Ⅲ)和新邵亚阶(亚阶Ⅳ).冷水江亚阶的底界与锡矿山阶的底界相一致,也与国际上法门阶的底界相一致,以牙形类Palmatolepis triangularis的首次出现为标志;新化亚阶的底界以牙形类Palmatolepis rhomboidea的首次出现为标志;邵阳亚阶的底界与锡矿山阶的顶界和邵东阶的底界相一致,以牙形类Palmatolepis rugosa trachytera的首次出现为标志;新邵亚阶的底界以牙形类Bispathodus aculeatus的首次出现为标志,顶界与邵东阶的顶界相一致,也与国际泥盆系一石炭系界线一致,以牙形类Siphonodella sulcata的首次出现为标志.  相似文献   

A New Species of Septuconularia (Hexangulaconulariidae, Cnidaria) from Cambrian Stage 2, South China     

SONG Zuchen  GUO Junfeng  HAN Jian  Heyo VAN ITEN  QIANG Yaqin  PENG Jiaxin  SUN Jie  ZHANG Zhifei 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(3):757-765

Hexangulaconulariids, an extinct family of medusozoan small shelly fossils (SSFs), were a conspicuous component of early Cambrian, shallow marine platform communities in South China. Described herein is Septuconularia crassiformis sp. nov. from Bed 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation (Cambrian Stage 2) in the Three Gorges area of Hubei Province. The new species differs from the type and only other known species, S. yanjiaheensis, in the shape of the abapical portion and in the degree of curvature of the adapertural margin. The anatomy of the apical portion of the new species is unknown. The diagnosis of the genus Septuconularia is emended and the spatio-temporal distribution of hexangulaconulariids in South China is summarized. Finally, S. yanjiaheensis, with its slit-like aperture and very narrow transverse cross-section, may have been better adapted to the shallow platform environment than the broader S. crassiformis, which appears to have been less common than the type species.  相似文献   

寒武纪第十期早期海洋氧化还原波动：来自U 同位素的证据     

邱晨  魏广祎  闵思雨  陈曦  凌洪飞 《高校地质学报》2022,28(1):40-50

寒武纪晚期到奥陶纪早期的海洋动物多样性整体水平较低,生物地球化学研究认为可能与海洋氧化还原状态波动有关,但仍证据较少。保存良好的海相碳酸盐岩沉积被认为能够记录古代海水的地球化学信息,其铀同位素组成 (δ238U) 可用来反映全球海洋的氧化还原状态。文章测定了华南瓦儿岗剖面寒武系第十阶底部海相碳酸盐岩的δ238U值,结果显示在寒武纪第十期早期U同位素组成可能存在三次负漂移,对应的δ238U值分别为-0.8‰、-0.55‰和-0.60‰,指示三个海洋缺氧时段。通过U同位素质量平衡模型计算得出,三个缺氧时段全球海洋底层水体分别约有22％、3.5%和5%的缺氧面积。初步推断第一次缺氧可能与风化输入营养元素增强致初级生物生产力提高有关,而其后的两次缺氧可能与原先的海底缺氧水体在海侵阶段上涌扩散有关。  相似文献   

Zooplankton communities and oceanographic structures in a high-resolution grid in the south-eastern corner of the Bay of Biscay     

Aitor Albaina  Xabier Irigoien 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,75(4):433-446

A one year long monthly sampling series at a fixed station was combined with a high-spatial resolution survey (May 2003) to investigate factors controlling zooplankton distribution in the south-eastern corner of the Bay of Biscay. Species abundance and gonad maturity for Calanoides carinatus and Calanus helgolandicus were estimated to clarify whether the observed spatial patterns were attributable to increased population growth or to mechanical accumulation. The two studies included distinct oceanographic regimes. The eastern corner of the grid was characterized by Adour river plume waters and the Cap Breton canyon, and the rest of the area by an alternating pattern of physical convergences and divergences. In the river plume, the zooplankton community diversity and abundances were highest in response to the nutrient enriched river plume waters and the submarine canyon. In the rest of the area, distribution and abundance patterns were the result of a combination of behaviour and physical transport.  相似文献   

New Maikhanellid Shells and Siphogonuchitid Spicule Bundles from the Cambrian Fortunian Stage of South China     

LIU Yunhuan  ZHANG Yanan  SHAO Tiequan  TANG Hanhu  JIANG Kaituo  WANG Qi  CHEN Cheng  DONG Junyan  LIANG Yongchun  DAI Jun  XUE Jiaqi 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1629-1636

Maikhanellids are a distinct group of Cambrian Fortunian small shelly fossils by the cap-shaped profiles and scaly shell ornamentation. According to the individual shell shape and ornamentation feature types of 50 maikhanellids fossils which were collected from Xixiang botia, we confirmed the family Maikhanellidae content of six genera, which are Maikhanella, Ramenta, Purella, Ramentoides, Yunnannopleura and Mediata. Unlike the halkieriid animals whose shells and spicules are articulated on different body parts, maikhanellids were presumably yielded by siphogonuchitid spicules penetrating the intermediate matrix (the "spicule shell" hypothesis), and this is the reason that some researchers treated maikhanellids and co-occurring siphogonuchitids as synonyms. The affinities of Maikhanellids and siphogonuchitids remain debatable. Here, we report three dimensionally phosphatized maikhanellid shells and siphogonuchitid spicule bundles from the Cambrian Fortunian small shell faunas of South China. They differ from all the previously reported maikhanellids and siphogonuchitids, and may represent new types. The intact and smooth surface underneath the partially preserved scales of the shells challenges the "spicule-shell" hypothesis. The present siphogonuchitid spicules differ from the maikhanellid scales in size, morphology, and .arrangement pattern, thus the spicules might not be derived from the shells. Whether the shells and spicule bundles were articulated on different body parts of the same animals remains unknown.  相似文献   

全球寒武系第三统第七阶GSSP候选剖面的碳同位素地层     

左景勋  彭善池  祁玉平  林焕令  朱学剑  杨显峰 《地层学杂志》2008,32(2):137-145

湘西罗依溪剖面包含有被国际地层委员会寒武系分会表决通过的、确定全球寒武系第三统第七阶底界的球接子三叶虫Lejopygelaevigata的首现点位,是全球寒武系第三统第七阶GSSP的候选剖面。野外按0.25—0.5m的样品间距,对该点位附近的碳酸盐岩采取了264件碳、氧同位素样品,分析结果表明全球寒武系第三统Drumian阶上部δ13C值呈恒幅波状演化、波动范围较小,δ18O波动强烈、幅度较大;而第七阶下部δ13C值跳跃强烈、幅度较大,总体表现为高值,δ18O值波动减弱、趋向低值;全球寒武系第三统第七阶底部的候选GSSP正好处于δ13C值由恒幅波动向剧烈跳跃的转折处。第七阶早期δ13C值、δ18O值及海平面三者之间存在较好的耦合关系,表现为海平面上升到最高位置、δ13C值较高、δ18O值较低,造成耦合的原因可能为全球气候变暖,大量淡水流向海洋、海域扩大,初始生产率提高,较多12C为生物所摄取,导致海水中13C的浓度相对升高,沉积的碳酸盐岩具有较高的δ13C值。同时,由于最大海泛期洋流活动频繁,对江南斜坡带沉积作用有一定影响,致使碳酸盐岩沉积物的碳、氧同位素组成变化较大。  相似文献   

奥陶系研究百余年:从英国标准到国际标准   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈旭 《地层学杂志》2008,32(1):1-14

英国学者Sedgwick、Murchison和Lapworth等早在19世纪便对奥陶系作出了先驱性的研究,包括创建了奥陶系。但百年来各国主要都集中于地区性的奥陶系研究,并建立了地区性的序列和标准,这在事实上一直都把英国的奥陶系划分作为国际间的对比标准。近三十年来,随着国际奥陶系分会不断推进各国奥陶系的研究工作,并在2007年完成了奥陶系三统七阶的全部全球层型剖面和点位(GSSP)的研究,建立了全球标准。为了便于运用,建议将奥陶系的三统七阶分为20个间隔段,以利于洲际对比,并把地区性的统与阶准确地对比到国际标准上去。同时附上与年代地层划分相一致的奥陶系全球碳同位素的变化曲线。  相似文献   

Smaller foraminifers from type sections of the Bolorian stage,the Lower Permian of Darvaz     

T. V. Filimonova 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2008,16(6):599-617

Smaller foraminifers from Upper Yakhtashian and Bolorian deposits of the stratotype area (Pamir, Darvaz, Tajikistan) are investigated. Four assemblages are defined. The first assemblage is from Chalaroschwagerina vulgaris-Pamirina darvasica Zone. The second assemblage found in the transitional Yakhtashian-Bolorian beds includes Globivalvulina, Palaeotextulariidae, Hemigordiidae, and Glomospira, associated with the first Pachyphloia and Langella forms. Characteristic taxa of third assemblage from the Misellina (Brevaxina) dyhrenfurthi Zone are Geinitzinidae, Globivalvulina, Palaeotextulariidae, Glomospira, and rare Pachyphloia. The forth assemblage of Hemigordiidae, Pachyphloia, Palaeotextulariidae, Geinitzinidae, Pseudoagathammina is identified in the M. (Misellina) parvicostata Zone. The assemblages were compared with concurrent analogs from China, Japan, and Russia. New species and subspecies Glomospira paleograndis sp. nov., G. darvasica sp. nov., Agathammina darvasica sp. nov., Pachyphloia darvasica sp. nov., Nodosinelloides cubanicus elongatus subsp. nov., and Hemigordius saranensis darvasicus subsp. nov. are described.  相似文献   

石炭纪维宪阶全球界线层型剖面和点位补遗     

侯鸿飞  周怀玲 《地球学报》2008,29(3):318-327

经国际地质科学联合会批准,我国广西柳州北岸乡碰冲剖面为石炭纪维宪阶全球界线层型剖面和点位.层型剖面位于柳州市东北15 km之碰冲村南小溪(24°26'N,109°27'E).层型点位在剖面83层之底,与底栖有孔虫"E.ovalis种群"至Eoparastaffella simplex谱系中Eoparastaffella simplex的首次出现吻合.辅助标志是点位之上近5m处,牙形石Gnathodus homopunctatus首现,其下约30 m为Scaliognathus anchoralis europensis的最高出现.本文补充介绍了层型点位的岩石特征和区域上的对比.  相似文献